В настоящей публикации проведено источниковедческое изучение фрагмента грамоты, относящейся к периоду правления царя Бориса Годунова. На основе сопоставления его текста с грамотой верхотурскому воеводе об освобождении сибирских ясачных людей от уплаты ясака на 1600 г. исследуемый документ атрибутирован, осуществлена реконструкция утраченного текста, пересмотрена его датировка. Дана характеристика содержания источника, заключающего в себе так называемое «жалованное слово» - особую форму прямого обращения монарха к ясачным людям. «Жалованное слово», ставшее с начала XVII в. особой статьей наказов сибирским воеводам, было впервые сформулировано в связи с милостями, раздававшимися населению Сибири Борисом Годуновым сразу после его избрания на царство. Исследуемый и публикуемый в статье документальный памятник следует считать самым ранним из известных и единственным относящимся к XVI в. актовым источником в составе фондов не только Государственного архива Тюменской области, но и других архивов Сибирского региона.
 

In the present publication a source study analysis of a fragment of the edict relating to the period of the tsar Boris Godunov governing is carried out. The fragmentariness of a source didn’t allow historians to estimate its value fully. It practically wasn’t introduced into scientific circulation. On the basis of comparison of its text to the Verkhotursky voivode edict about release the Siberian yasak people from yasak payment in 1600, the studied document is attributed; the lost text reconstruction is fulfilled. Dating of this document is reconsidered. It was succeeded to specify appointment date to Tyumen of the voivode L. O. Sherbaty to whom the edict interesting us was addressed. It is given the characteristic of the source content comprising so-called «word of grand» / «zhalovannoye slovo» - a special form of the direct address of the monarch to yasak people. By this «word» the eternity of their citizenship to the Russian tsar was confirmed, the mutual rights and the obligations of the parties resulting from the fact of this citizenship, defined by the shert-oath were declared. «Word of grand», which since the beginning of 17^th century has become the special article of orders to the Siberian voivodes, was for the first time formulated in connection with the favor distributed to the population of Siberia by Boris Godunov right after his election on a Kingdom. In particular, it found the direct reflection in edict about release from yasak. Till this moment at the disposal of historians there was one such document - the mentioned edict of the June 25, 1599, directed to Verkhoturye, published in the 19^th century according to the copy executed by G. F. Miller. The documentary monument, investigated and published in this article, as it was succeeded to establish, is the original text, though only partially remained, of the similar edict sent to Tyumen. It should be considered as the earliest of known and the only one assembly source relating to the 16^th century that is in structure of funds not only the State archive of the Tyumen region, but also other archives of the Siberian region.